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title: "Initiation Python - séance 1" |
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author: "VireGul - viregul.fr" |
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description: Initiation à la programmation Python |
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lang: fr |
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type: slide |
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--- |
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# Initiation Python - séance 1/5 |
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## Environnement Python et Variables |
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*[Association VireGul](https://viregul.fr)* |
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--- |
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## Système Python |
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* Version 3 : ```python --version``` |
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* Syntaxe simple |
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* ! Identation |
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* Mode console ou script python |
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* Environnements virtuels |
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* Nombreux modules externes |
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* Nombreuses ressources |
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---- |
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## Ressources Internet |
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* [Cours OpenClassroom](https://openclassrooms.com/fr/courses/235344-apprenez-a-programmer-en-python) (40h) |
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* [Apprendre à programmer avec Python 3 (CC)](https://inforef.be/swi/python.htm) |
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* [python.developpez.com](https://python.developpez.com/) |
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* Tutos Vidéos : [Koor.fr](https://koor.fr/Python/Tutos.wp) |
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* [Dès le lycée (2nd STI)](http://python.lycee.free.fr/) |
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* [Mooc pour débutants](http://flot.sillages.info/?portfolio=flot-programmation-pour-debutants) |
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---- |
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## Exemples |
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#### Lancement en console |
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``` |
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$ python3 |
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>>> |
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>>> Ctrl + D (sortie) |
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``` |
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#### Lancement d'un script |
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``` |
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$ python3 monscript.py |
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$ ./monscript.py (si contient l'entête python) |
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``` |
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---- |
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## Conventions |
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* *variables* : minuscule |
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* *CONSTANTES* : MAJUSCULE |
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* *Méthodes, modules* : minuscule (fonctions, change_valeur) |
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* *Programmation Objet* : ClasseObjet |
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```python |
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# Ceci est un commentaire |
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!!! Sensible à la casse |
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``` |
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--- |
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## Variables |
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### Types de données |
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```python |
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entier : age = 48 |
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nombre flottant : taille = 1.78 |
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chaine : nom = "Audirac" |
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``` |
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---- |
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## Opérateurs |
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* *Nombres* : + - * / |
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* *Chaines* : + (concaténation) |
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### Fonction print |
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```python |
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print("Ton nom",varnom," ton âge",varage) |
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``` |
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---- |
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## Variables complexes |
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### Listes |
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```python |
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maliste = [1, "moi", 3.5 , [48,25]] |
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maliste[2] |
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nom[2:5] |
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``` |
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**Attention !** |
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```python |
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liste2 = maliste # pas de copie, même référence. |
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``` |
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---- |
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## Variables complexes |
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### Tuples (peu utilisé) |
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* liste non modifiable |
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* montuple = (1,"ok",34.5,["A",2]) |
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### Dictionnaires |
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Liste non ordonnée de clefs : valeur |
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```python |
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moi = { 'nom': "Audirac", 'prenom': "François" } |
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moi['nom'] |
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``` |
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--- |
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## Premier programme |
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```python |
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#!/usr/bin/env python3 |
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reponse=input('question') |
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print(reponse) |
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``` |
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**Exercices** : Faire des calculs, poser des questions, créer des listes... |